The Repression of Swingers Part 5

The Repression of Swingers in Early 21st Century Britain
Mark Roberts
Sociological Notes No. 28
ISSN 0267-7113, ISBN 1 85637 591 9

5 DOUBLE STANDARDS & HUMAN RIGHTS
5.1 Pc PC

The following review appears on the londonfetishscene.com website
FIST, WEDNESDAY 23 JANUARY 2002

A dark alleyway leads the way to the club’s entrance in Imperial Gardens, setting the scene perfectly. Inside, Fist is a labyrinth of dark corridors lined with rubber and leather clad bodies.

The corridors lead into a dance room playing hard house music, a porn cinema, and a chill out room playing an eclectic mix of music where you can easily hold a group conversation without having to shout yourself hoarse! (You could also get your boots shined free of charge by the boot shine boy!) Above the cinema is a small gallery which I heard is used for orgies but we didn’t spend enough time there to find out.

The play room is located in a large gravel floored tent. Pitch black with just the sound of boots scraping on gravel, the only visible décor are the multiple rolls of kitchen paper hanging from the ceiling. Fist is pure sleaze.

Officially Fist is open to people of all genders and sexualities although in reality the clubbers are 95% gay male. However, the club which is owned and run by a woman openly welcomes women and I found it to be very friendly.

There were about 15-20 women there overall, pretty much all lesbian as far as I could tell. The small numbers meant that we banded together and soon had a group for socializing and sex alike. The men I spoke to were also friendly towards us. However, if large numbers of men, either partially or completely naked will seriously put you off then you might consider staying at home!

Fist is essentially about fucking. The equipment – three slings, is designed for sex rather than SM play. The fetish element of the club is in the strict dress code – rubber, leather, PVC, military or ‘just boots’. My friend was initially told she couldn’t come in because of their ‘no jeans’ policy (even ripped black jeans are unacceptable apparently) but luckily the club owner allowed her in. I wore lingerie, which isn’t officially on the dress code and had no problems. They are quite strict though, so be warned.

The sex here is hardcore, with people fucking, sucking and wanking round every corner. The play room is packed and you have to be quick to get a sling. Condoms, lube and latex gloves are all on hand although we took our own for convenience. I was lucky enough to end up in a sling surrounded by about 12 dykes, lining up to take a turn and grabbing me from all angles! Even the gay boys enjoyed the show we put on!

There’s plenty of action to watch just from the people around, but Fist also hosts a live performance at 1am. This time it was provided by Spike and Arlene who performed an amazing and intense cutting and branding scene. Arlene cut the words ‘Bitch’ ‘Slut’ and ‘Fist’ into Spike’s body, pressed a paper towel to each word and hung the words spelt in blood on the back wall before pressing a red hot branding iron into Spike’s belly three times over. Not for the faint hearted!

The upside to Fist, is the ‘anything goes’ atmosphere and low down dirty sleaze. The down side is the filth and there’s plenty of it. The toilets are a hot-spot for watersports and scat play [i.e. urination and excreta play] and before long they STINK! The sawdust on the floor quickly turns brown/green and you need a pretty strong stomach just to empty your bladder!

Similarly in the playroom, despite the rolls of paper the slings get covered in grease lube and so will anything else you leave lying around. I can’t even begin to describe the state of my friend’s waistcoat after it had been kicked around on the floor for a bit. Suffice to say she was embarrassed to take it to the dry cleaners! With body fluids a plenty you can’t expect it to smell alpine fresh but it can get a bit much after a while.

All in all I really enjoyed the night and I’d definitely go back. You can dance, chill, watch or fuck and each room caters ideally to its purpose. Despite being mainly men it seemed women friendly although I’d definitely advocate getting a group together. A fabulous night if you can stomach it!

The FIST party described above took place in licensed premises and at the time this review was written FIST had been holding such events for eight years. As it consists entirely of gay men and women, the police and courts allow them to enjoy themselves in ways that would lead to prosecution and conviction for heterosexuals.

FIST of course is not alone. Although the FIST aesthetic is a significant but minority genre within gay culture, the occurrence of sex is nearly universal wherever gay men gather. According to Nicholas Boles, the Conservative councillor and gay man who directs the think-tank Policy Exchange, writing in The Times Thunderer column

“London has more gay bars and pubs than any city in the world. There are probably more than a hundred gay club nights every week.”

He might have added that they usually take place in licensed premises; that public and group sex happen somewhere on the premises in almost all of them; that many of them have rooms specifically intended as places for sex; and that some such as gay saunas are simply sex clubs.

One website lists eight gay hotels, 14 gay saunas, 26 gay clubs and 128 gay bars in London alone. Saunas are advertised as possessing “loads of rest areas”, “a giant communal cruise room; a host of private rooms with video lounge”, “huge maze of private rest rooms” Rest areas and private rooms contain beds or couches and together with cruise rooms are provided to facilitate sexual encounters. The Saunabar in Covent Garden has “a suite of seven rest rooms” and “fully licensed bar”. In some gay pubs and bars the sex spills out from the back room or toilets into the saloon. According to one website review, at a gay pub in Bermondsey you can

“Watch men spill their beer as they order at the bar with a cock up their ass.”.

There is every reason to believe that gay saunas would be prosecuted as ‘brothels’ if used by heterosexual men and women for exactly the same activities. FIST would likely be prosecuted for ‘allowing a brothel on licensed premises’ and the owner for ‘living off immoral earnings’ if patronized by heterosexuals, because two heterosexual women offering themselves for lewdness with men creates a ‘brothel’.

1994, the year of the Club Whiplash arrests, was coincidentally the year FIST began its scatological gay orgies – with impunity.

Two years later the annual (pansexual but primarily heterosexual) Sex Maniacs’ Ball had to be cancelled after being threatened with prosecution by the Metropolitan Police – because its theme was to be a celebration of John Major’s then recent legalization of heterosexual anal sex (gay anal sex had been legalized almost 30 years earlier in 1967). Meanwhile FIST was sailing through its third unmolested year.

Two years after that again, in 1998 by which time Tony Blair was in power, the proprietor of a swingers’ club in Nevern, Pembrokeshire – a former major in the Army – was convicted and fined £2000 for keeping a brothel and living off immoral earnings because he allowed ordinary swingers activities. There was no suggestion of prostitution. He pleaded guilty

“because he had not wanted to embarrass friends by asking them to give evidence”.

The chairman of the magistrates had said

“We regard this as a very serious case”

but took into consideration that he had co-operated. The victim closed the business and went elsewhere. Dyfed-Powys Police had succeeded in running swingers off their patch. Meanwhile, FIST was enjoying its 5th year of coprophile orgies.

‘Living off immoral earnings’ is a particularly cruel charge to use in suppressing swingers. The imputation of actual prostitution is particularly humiliating especially for female swingers, who tend to be respectable married or professional women. It was the charge used to pass a nine month sentence on the husband of Liverpudlian porn actress Sabrina Johnson257 in 1996 (even though her films were made in the USA). Mrs Johnson commented

“It’s illegal for my husband to live off my earnings, because technically, if I do films, I’m classed as a prostitute, and my husband is a pimp…I can live off my work, but if I bought Graham a drink in a pub, he could be done again for living off immoral earnings.”

In June 2003 a photographer’s model in Warrington was raided and her husband cautioned for living off immoral earnings because the police considered his wife’s adult modeling to be prostitution. After the case the police handed back commercial porn videos taken in raids but the victim’s videos of his wife were never returned. It appears that in the UK it is legal for a husband to possess videos of other people having sex but not his own wife.

In its 9th year a complaint was eventually made against FIST which led to them seeking new premises. Thankfully there have never been any prosecutions, despite frenetic group anal sex regularly occurring within yards of a licensed bar from which alcohol was easily available. This provides an exemplary level of legal tolerance of sex, the FIST standard. Unfortunately it is a standard that the British government applies only to gays.

5.2 Human Rights and wrongs

The British government is obliged by the European Convention on Human rights not only to respect the privacy of women’s and swingers private lives (Article but also to grant women and swingers the same rights as gays (Article 14).
Clearly in applying the FIST standard to one sex and sexual persuasion but not the other, the government is violating its human rights obligations and discriminating against some of its citizens.

There are five arguments the government might use to defend the status quo.

Article 8.2: First, they could argue that Clause 2 of Article 8 of the Convention allows the state to legislate in the area of private morality for the protection of morals. But under Article 14 they would have to legislate equally harshly for gays and luckily there is not the remotest possibility of that happening (or of it being enforced).

Glib assertion: Second, they could (and do) assert glibly that the law is non-discriminatory between gays and heterosexuals. In her letter to me of 9 August 2002 the Home Secretary’s Advisor Lesley Dix pointed out that s6 of the Sexual Offences Act 1967 extended the definition of a brothel to include premises used for lewd homosexual practices.

That’s the theory. The practice is that swingers clubs get busted but none of the thousands of gay pubs and clubs ever do, despite the same activities that swingers practice being undertaken on an unimaginable scale in gay establishments. In consequence there is a huge gay leisure industry but the swingers scene is forced to remain underground.

It is emphatically not an adequate defense of the current state of affairs to point to equally illiberal laws against gays when those laws are a complete dead letter but the laws against heterosexuals engaging in the same activities are enforced relatively frequently. Discriminatory enforcement of the law is merely a more insidious breach of human rights than discriminatory legislation. Not that discriminatory enforcement is the UK’s only violation of the Convention – as we have seen the government’s Sexual Offences Act 2003 actually makes discrimination worse by legalizing gay orgies but not heterosexual ones.

Reacting to complaints: A third defense could be that the police live and let live and are only forced to take action when complaints are made. This would be disingenuous and would not fit the facts. The police act on complaints against swingers but do not and would not act on complaints against gays because after centuries of brutal discrimination they are now a politically favoured minority.

When a complaint was made about FIST the result was a gentle word of advice more in sorrow than in anger and no talk of charges. And rightly so – how could someone visit such a place without knowing what to expect? The idea that the unwary would have their sensibilities shocked is ludicrous.

Compare this with what happened at the Garden of Eden swingers club in Nevern. A woman, having heard tales of orgies, decided to visit the club after enquiring and being told that ‘anything goes’ with couples, lesbians, homosexuals and transvestites meeting there. She and her sister were collected from their home 60 miles away by a driver employed by the club. However, she was supposedly so shocked at finding 20 people having group sex in the swimming pool that she reported the matter to police and the owner was fined £2000. The difference between what happened to the Garden of Eden and what happened to FIST when complaints were made is the measure of how swingers are oppressed in Britain.

If a religious or otherwise anti-gay group ran a campaign of visiting gay clubs and bars and making complaints about what they found, nobody in their right mind could believe the police would initiate a huge closure operation against Britain’s gay culture. In contrast swingers are treated harshly in response to complaints about milder behaviour (no excreta) when by their human rights they should be treated the same.

Plausible deniability: The government’s fourth line of defense could be to claim that gay clubs and pubs are not explicitly fitted out for sex (and that they therefore do not breach any laws or regulations) whereas proper on-premises swingers clubs are flagrant, can have no other purpose and make it impossible for officialdom to turn a blind eye. In other worlds, legality hinges on how plausibly it can be denied that premises are sex clubs not on the actual fact of them being sex clubs.

It may be true that gay sex clubs could in theory function simply as saunas. But to see them as such requires considerable disingenuity. Firstly as regards the way they are designed (“giant communal cruise room” “40 man steam room” “Cinema room”); the way they are advertised (in gay magazines illustrated with pictures of naked and attractive men using ambiguous adjectives such as ‘friendly’ ‘steamy’ etc); the way they are operated (condoms and lubricating creams are often available free; disposal bins are provided in ‘rest rooms’); and of course what happens in them. Officialdom has to pretend to be blind to general social knowledge as well as to easily available print and Internet media to maintain these are not sex clubs.

But in addition this approach demonstrates a profound cultural and sexual bias. The fact is that many men (and not just gay men) actually enjoy sex in unromantic, uncomfortable, even sleazy environments. A light perusal of both heterosexual and gay male pornography establishes this very quickly. The casual encounter somewhere other than a bedroom is an integral component – even partly definitive – of the gay lifestyle. In particular, anonymous encounters (up to and including penetrative sex) in ‘groping groups’ of standing men in darkened rooms (and woods such a Hampstead West Heath in London) is a gay staple. This is what ‘cruise rooms’ in gay saunas are for.

In this important sense British gay sex clubs suit the predilections of their clientele at least as well if not better than would somewhere configured with lots of easily-soiled soft furnishings and king-sized beds. Needless to say that such a comfortable environment would be even further from the requirements of FIST’s clientele, happy as they are in a gravel floored tent with loo rolls hanging from the ceiling.

The contrast with the preferred environment of the female swinger could not be more pronounced. Female swingers demand uplifting premises with soft and inviting play spaces, flattering lighting and proper beds instead of clinical couches, mattresses or empty rooms. In short, something approximating to the standard continental swingers club.

So the current state of the law, approving sex clubs configured as sauna clubs while prohibiting sex clubs configured as swinging clubs, amounts in reality to sexist discrimination against women. The legal ‘sauna’ format is close to ideal for most gay sex club clientele while the illegal ‘swinger club’ format is close to necessary for most female and heterosexual sex club clientele. It is a clear case of discrimination whether intended or not and a violation of the human rights of women.

Community feeling: Fifth and finally, it could be argued that swinging is a grey area that, de facto, permits local communities to allow a level of provision they feel appropriate. There are after all a large number of swingers organizations. Thousands of swingers successfully pursue their hobby unbothered by the law as occasional persecutions and exposé’s affect relatively few. Some swingers clubs, notably La Chambre in Sheffield, are so open that they appear frequently in the media.

The European Convention on Human Rights applies to local government and the police as they and their powers are created by Act of Parliament. These public bodies are no more entitled to discriminate against swingers than is the British Government. There must be gay pubs or clubs in every single local government area of Great Britain. At the very least sex will take place regularly in the rooms of these places, that is if they do not have a purposely designated ‘back room’ for encounters. Yet I am not aware that there has ever been a single prosecution under the Disorderly Houses Act 1751 or for ‘keeping a brothel’ or ‘living off immoral earnings’, or ‘allowing a brothel on licensed premises’ of anyone managing gay premises.

Under the Human Rights Convention a municipality that permits licensed premises for gays to congregate and have sex must treat swingers equally.

The appeal to ‘community feeling’ is in any case bogus. The government would not tolerate ‘communities’ discriminating against gays if that was the genuine ‘community feeling’ (as it was in some places when gay premises were new and before local residents discovered they are trouble-free neighbors that do not corrupt their children). Swingers are entitled to the same protection.

The argument that the hand of repression is light and should be borne with equanimity invites comparison with the law relating to gays before 1967. Gay culture existed, there were meeting places, discreet events. But also sordid lives twisted by shame and the terror of discovery. Gays were, generally, a ridiculed minority in the country at large.

Now in the fourth decade of gay liberation the situation is transformed. Gays are big business. Gay culture has become a positive feature of all the world’s cosmopolitan cities, an international standard of civilization, affluence and fun. In London the annual Gay Pride festival is led by gay policemen in uniform. In can hardly be said that gays were better off lying low and getting on with it as best they could, as they had to before 1967. Given their human rights there is no reason to expect swingers to aspire to anything less – and no reason to withhold it from them.

La Chambre is a swingers club in Sheffield that appears to benefit from complete tolerance from the city council and South Yorkshire Police. It has featured in numerous broadcast and print media features about swingers. It is to the credit of the officials in Sheffield and the local constabulary that they are interpreting the law in the way that they do.

However, this issue throws up unacceptable vagaries in the application of the law, given the conviction of the Garden of Eden in Nevern, Pembrokeshire for being a swinging club. There is also the question of how, why and by what procedure the Government permits one businessman to become a monopoly supplier of legal swinging premises and how this affects the human rights of other businesspeople and his competitors and the government’s obligations under the EU single market.

The argument that South Yorkshire is a metropolitan area where it is natural to expect greater tolerance of sexual heterodoxy than in rural Pembrokeshire does not hold water. As we have seen, in London, the most cosmopolitan city in the country, the Metropolitan Police forced the cancellation of the Sex Maniacs Ball only two years before the Pembrokeshire prosecution.

England and Wales is one jurisdiction. The criminal law is the same everywhere and local authorities and the police have no role in deciding what the law is. How is it that a man in Sheffield can be feted on television for running an above-board swingers club, while a man in Pembrokeshire can be convicted for living off immoral earnings and keeping a brothel – for doing exactly the same thing? What does this say about the certainty of the law? How is a citizen to know where she can legally make love without being branded a prostitute?

5.3 Conclusion

Swinging is a safe, international, middle class and increasingly popular leisure choice for married and courting couples.

Research has shown clear benefits in terms of personal happiness and relationship stability among regular swingers and suggests that the rate of relationship failure in swinging is several orders less than for monogamous relationships.

Current criticism of swinging appears to be based on religious prejudice rather than study.

The government subsidies an organization which breaches the spirit if not the letter of its charitable status in anthologizing swingers.

The law as regards swingers is an utter disgrace. Though not applied severely enough to suppress all swinging activity, it is repressive enough to keep swinging underground and prevent businesses meeting the growing demand for swingers’ facilities.

The law is enforced with extreme inconsistency. While in most of the country including London swingers clubs and events are prosecuted and closed down if they stick their heads above the parapet, in one city a swinging club is protected from the injustice of the law and has become famous in the media.

Women swingers who engage in group sex are treated as prostitutes whereas men both gay and straight who do the same things are not. Gays are allowed to do all the things prohibited to swingers on a vast scale including having group sex, sex clubs, sex on licensed premises as well as holding public festivals.

The government’s maintenance of the laws against swingers and its refusal to implement a privacy law invites the gutter press to harass and persecute swingers even in their own homes.

The implications of the Human Rights Act 1998, with its requirements for respect and equal treatment for women and sexual minorities, have not been realised for swingers. The government’s similar but higher obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights are ignored.

In each of these respects the UK has fallen significantly and unacceptably behind Western and European norms.

5.4 Recommendations

1. The government should recognize its responsibilities under the European Convention on Human Rights and apply the same standards of tolerance towards women and swingers as it does to gays – the FIST standard.

2. The government should cease to fund Relate for an initial period of three to five years until it can demonstrate an internal culture change that accepts the scientific evidence on the benefits of swinging and swingers as successful relationship models; and abandons all discrimination against sexual minorities and prejudiced advice contrary to the findings of science.

3. The government should inquire into whether Relate has breached its Memorandum of Association and its charitable status in its campaign of discrimination against swingers.

4. In order to bring the law into compliance with human rights, swingers activities should be legalized in a comprehensive and complete way. To achieve this while making clear the new legal boundaries, the government should bring forward two Acts of Parliament. The first should be a Sexual Relations Act that would explicitly place women, heterosexuals (including swingers) and gays on an absolutely level playing field as regards their recreational sex; legalize heterosexual group sex; end the confusion between female swingers, sexual models and porn actresses on the one hand and prostitutes on the other; and repeal the statutory and common law offences that currently violate human rights in this area.

5. The second should be a sexuality-neutral Sex Clubs Act that would legalize sex clubs both gay and swinger; subject them to the same light regulatory regime; permit them to sell alcohol; clarify the planning and licensing roles of local authorities on sex clubs in such a way that does not permit them to veto sex clubs altogether; and repeal all existing laws that may be construed in conflict with the new act.

6 SOURCES

6.1 Endnotes

1 It has been suggested that it “had something to do with the music vernacular of the ’40s and the loose, free-form dances of that era.” (Gould quoted in Marino 1999) www.sfweekly.com/extra/beyond/swingers1.html. Another claimed origin is a minister denouncing “weird people swinging back and fro from bed to bed.” (Sez) www.loveplay.com/frmopnmar.htm.

2 “The discovery of bisexual enjoyment is not at all uncommon among female swingers…Whatever the reason or prevailing cultural forces, swinging is one of the only outlets that allows women in modern society to explore all aspects of their sexuality in a safe and comfortable setting.” (Terrien 2002), www.gwu.edu/~english/ccsc/2002 Pages/Terrien.htm.

3 “There are those who like to watch and those who like to be watched. There are “soft swingers” who engage in petting, foreplay and maybe even oral sex, but draw the line at intercourse. There are couples who only swap girl-on-girl, others who go for the whole enchilada. With some couples, only the woman swings and the man watches, or vice versa. Some enjoy threesomes with selected friends, others prefer anonymous group sex.” (Marino 1999) www.sfweekly.com/extra/beyond/swingers1.html.

4 Ibid.

5 “However welcoming the Lifestyle can seem to a couple’s peculiarities and perversions, there is one unwritten rule: Most women are bi/curious, but all the men are straight. A couple who swings in all directions would be politely asked to leave most clubs.” (Henry 2001). Also “”Girls are expected, certainly preferred, to be bisexual, but male-male contact is not only frowned upon, the mere request can get a guy hurt.” (Jade) www.lippyimp.com/junglegym.htm. See also www.sexuality.org/swinging.html.

6 e.g. seeking a girl-girl experience for the female partner.

7 e.g. only one partner may have full penetrative sex.

8 Such as couples who do not mind being in separate rooms during sexual activity.

9 Premier swingers contact magazines are Desire Contacts (www.desire.co.uk/) in the UK; Happy Weekend in Germany (www.happyweekend.de/start.eos); Interconnexion in France (www.connexline.com).

10 A Times article about contact ads in local newspapers concludes “the truly shocking thing was the plethora of messages from couples. Ream after ream of local ads are from “imaginative”, “carnal”, “curious”, or “juicy” married twosomes yearning to add that certain sparkle to their bedroom activity.” (Haran 2003).

11 British examples are (free) http://dirty-david.com, www.swing2us.com, www.sharers.co.uk/newframe.htmand (membership) www.photo-personals.co.uk/guest, www.swapscene.com, www.ukswingers.co.uk.

12 Florida-based Swingers Europe (www.swingerseurope.com) is currently the premier contacts and chatroom site for northern Europe and the UK.

13 Usually international e.g. www.whosoncam.com, www.anywebcam.com.

14 Houseparties are the origin of swinging (www.chezlouis.com/eng/history.htm, www.eroticguide.com/eu/classes/online/Swing/HISTORY.htm) and the practice is still strong, for example the one brilliantly portrayed by Natasha Carlish in her documentary The Orgy broadcast on Channel 5 4/1/01. British contact clubs such as Club Aphrodite (www.club-aphrodite.com/frame.htm) encourage their members to hold house parties. However there are also specialist party-throwing clubs. The most distinguished of these in the USA are Toga Joe’s in New York (www.togajoe.com) and Fling (www.flingevents.com/home.html) in California. UK examples are the long-running Toucan Club (www.btinternet.com/~ECB/toucan), the new Club Champagne (www.clubchampagne.com) and the select Fever (www.feverparties.com).

15 ‘Swingers club’ is an imprecise term. As well as party clubs and contacts clubs there are off-premises clubs where sex is not allowed and on-premises clubs where sex can actually take place. On-premises clubs are what swingers clubs are popularly imagined to be and is the sense in which the term is used here. On-premises clubs are usually either in nightclub/bar/lounge format (e.g. www.skinnydippersuk.com, www.velvetcurtain.net) or spa format (e.g. www.rios.co.uk/index.htm, www.club-paradise.nl). See www.nasca.com/states/nasca_faq.html.

16 e.g. www.bukkake.org.uk, http://groups.yahoo.com/group/midlandsukbukkake, http://groups.yahoo.com/group/londonbukkakeparties.

17 e.g. www.bi-bar.com, www.bisexualplayground.com/bisexual.html, www.alternativeconnections.com/bisexual-personals.htm.

18 e.g. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/sexatthemovies.

19 e.g. www.londonfetishscene.com/Default.asp, www.clubwicked.org, www.torturegarden.com, www.kinky-kiwi.com/index1.html, www.cakelondon.com, www.hubbies.com, www.dpf.com/,www.adult-babies.com, http://groups.yahoo.com/group/human_equine, www.thehumanequine.com/the1.html, www.fetishlink.net/Pony.

20 i.e. couples and singles, in practice nearly always single men.

21 women who enjoy many men. The editor of French literary magazine Art Press published an account of her lifetime of gang-bangs (Millet 2002).

22 www.feverparties.com.

23 exhibitionism or swinging in public carparks (Lambert 2002).

24 www.libchrist.com.

25 www.libchrist.com/poly/polyvsswing.html.

26 www.swingworld.net/swinfo/priest.htm.

27 www.nasca.com/states/nasca_faq.html – whoare.

28 see for example www.voy.com/7895/108.html, an exchange of anecdotes about sex in church.

29 Bergstrand & Williams (2000) para 7 www.ejhs.org/volume3/swing/body.htm.

30 Ibid. para 7 citing Friendship Express 1994 & Miller 1994.

31 Ibid.
32 Ibid.

33 Ibid. para 21

34 Ibid. para 23

35 Ibid. para 14

36 Ibid. para 25

37 Kate Finnigan “Welcome to the pleasure dome” Elle May 2003 quoted in full at http://feverparties.com/media.htm.

38 Desire Contacts, Issue 5, August 2003 pp15-37.

39 Chrisafis, Angelique “What’s love got to do with it?” The Guardian G2 29 August 2003.

40 “The swinger takes it all” Cosmopolitan December 2001 quoted in full ibid.

41 Ibid. para 9

42 Ibid.

43 Ibid.

44 “Some swingers feel that a weak marriage probably will not survive swinging and that perhaps in such cases couples shouldn’t swing… Most swingers believe swinging is not for all married couples. They do believe that swinging is better than sneaking around corners and lying to the partner about an outside relationship.” Butler (1979).

45 Bergstrand & Williams (2000) para 6 www.ejhs.org/volume3/swing/body.htm.

46 Ibid. para 2 also Butler (1979) http://feverparties.com/First_timers_pages.htm.

47 Terrien 2002 www.gwu.edu/~english/ccsc/2002 Pages/Terrien.htm.

48 www.sexuality.org.

49 www.sexuality.org/swinging.html.

50 Filmmaker David Schisgall, who directed The Lifestyle: Group Sex in the Suburbs (www.7thart.com/current/lifestyle/thelife.html), quoted in Carina Chocano “Swap Meat” Salon People, online, 21/4/00 p2. http://cobrand.salon.com/people/feature/2000/04/21/lifestyle/index.html.

51 www.feverparties.com.

52 Ibid. (see First-Time Swingers Pages/ The joy of swinging).

53 Ibid.

54 Ibid.

55 Ibid. (see First-Time Swingers Pages/ Who should swing).

56 Ibid. ( see First-Time Swingers Pages/ The joy of swinging).

57 Ibid. (see First-Time Swingers Pages/ Who should swing).

58 Terrien 2002 www.gwu.edu/~english/ccsc/2002 Pages/Terrien.htm.

59 www.ejhs.org/volume3/swing/body.htm.

60 78.5% against 64% very happy compared with respondents to the University of Michigan General Social Survey, the standard demographic model of the US population (Bergstrand & Williams Table 14) www.ejhs.org/volume3/swing/body.htm.

61 Bergstrand & Williams Table 15.

62 Ibid.

63 Ibid.

64 Ibid. Table 17.

65 In answer to the question “At this point in your life would you say you are very happy, pretty happy, or not too happy?” swingers responded 58.8% against 32.2% very happy and 41.2% against 67.9% pretty or not too happy; (Bergstrand & Williams Table 20). Comparison with GSS.

66 In answer to the question “Is life exciting or dull?” swingers answered 75.9% against 54.4% exciting and 23.8% against 54.4% dull (Bergstrand & Williams Table 21). Comparison with GSS. www.ejhs.org/volume3/swing/body.htm.

67 Ibid. Table 16.

68 The most negative findings have been two contentious papers from the early seventies, Henshel (1973) & Varni (1974), that suggested men initiated most swinging. Henshel found men initiated swinging in 68% of cases from a sample of only 25 women in Toronto. Neither study considered whether the women habitually took a lead from their partners in other aspects of their relationship.

69 Henry (2001) http://atlanta.creativeloafing.com/2001-06-13/cover.html.

70 Whitby (2003) p96.

71 www.drpetra.co.uk/press/index.html.

72 www.drpetra.co.uk/research/index.html.

73 www.the-sensual-magazine.com/pages/features/food.htm.

74 www.the-sensual-magazine.com/pages/features/girltalk.htm.

75 Whitby (2003) p96.

76 Butler (1979) quoted on http://feverparties.com/First_timers_pages.htm.

77 Honorary Professor at the Roehampton Institute of Surrey University and visiting professor at several other universities in the UK and abroad. She has authored more than 150 publications in 21 languages including Everything You Wanted To Know About Extraordinary Sex and is currently working on her fourth doctorate. www.upso.co.uk/petruska.htm, www.physis.co.uk/pc/pclark.htm, www.upso.co.uk/Everything_you.htm.

78 Clarkson, Petruska quoted in “Come together” Arena magazine, London, July 2003, p77.

79 p270.

80 Sometime President of the British Society of Medical and Dental Hypnosis, Director of the Scottish Refugee Council, President of the Indian Association of Strathclyde.

81 http://216.239.51.100/search?q=cache:LgxeDezQzAcJ:members.madasafish.com/

~cj_whitehound/Theatre_of_Cruelty/police.htm+%22prem+misra%22&hl=en&ie=UTF-8.

82 www.scottishmediamonitor.com/articles2.cfm?ID=108.

83 www.newsfilter.org/paris.htm.

84 web.inter.nl.net/users/N.Leeuwis/club_uk.htm.

85 For example Fun4two www.fun4two.nl/,http://feverparties.com/fun4two.htm.

86 www.capdagde.com/en/activities/naturism.html.

87 www.naturist.org.uk/other.htm.

88 http://feverparties.com/capdagde.htm.

89 www.nasca.com/states/nasca_clubs.html, www.swingersboard.com/clubs/index.html.

90 http://clubsandparties.com/index1.htm.

91 www.nasca.com/states/nasca_convention.html.

92 Seminars at the “Lifestyles East” convention in the 465 room Radisson Deauville Hotel, Miami Beach in March 2003 included (among others): Aids & STDs; How to strip for your man; The art of entering a new lover; Gender preference: A historical look at the social constructions of heterosexual, homosexual and bisexual; The fun of hypnosis; Erotic and easy techniques to manually stimulate your guy; Using meditation to enhance your BDSM relationship style; Sex as a sacred and healing art; and How to meet new friends on the Internet together with several Q&A sessions and a couples’ massage workshop http://lifestyles-east.com/seminars.html.

93 http://clubsandparties.com/index1.htm.

94 Ibid.

95 www.swingersboard.com/clubs/clubs/foreign.html.

96 Clubsandparties.com (http://clubsandparties.com/) is an adjunct to Dirty-David (http://dirty-david.com/) the most popular free British swingers contact website.

97 http://clubsandparties.com/index1.htm.

98 Ibid.

99 www.les-chandelles.com/index2.php3, www.overside.fr/english/presentation/start.htm.

100 www.ccsida.com.

101 See 3 below.

102 http://clubsandparties.com/index1.htm.

103 Rapture, Endorphine Visions, Dreamworld, Penthouse swingers.

104 Capers=ClubAphrodite. FantasyFood=UKLiasons. LoveSwingers=Raptures. Scorpio.net=Scorpio. Censored, Desire & Passion and Limelight=Mystique. Members=Toucan Club.

105 L’amour, Club Rub, Torture Garden, Fringe.

106 Pleasuredome, FIST.

107 Club Aphrodite, Hedonism, Scorpio.

108 Rude Food.

109 Loungeparties, Paradise Club.

110 Fever.

111 Toucan Club.

112 Skinnydippers, Radlett, UKLiasons, Charles, Kent Castle.

113 Eureka, Silverleigh.

114 Rio’s, City Spa.

115 Cockatoo, CouplesZone.

116 Couples Club.

117 Mystique (http://themystiqueclub.com).

118 Halsbury’s Statutes 4th Edition Vol 12 p248.

119 Winter v Woolfe [1931] 1 KB 549, considered in Kelly v Purvis [1983] 1 All ER 525, [1983] 2 WLR 299.

120 Halsbury’s Statutes 4th edition Vol 12 p249.

121 Ibid.

122 www.black-rose.com/cuiru/archive/2-6/briefs2-6.html, www.urban75.com/Mag/sexual.html, www.sfc.org.uk/about.htm.

123 “…under section 33 of the 1956 Act of keeping or managing a brothel, as an element of reward is not necessarily required (Kelly v Purvis [1983] 1 All ER 525)”. House of Commons Research Paper 00/15 7/2/00. www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/rp2000/rp00-015.pdf.

124 Kelly v Purvis [1983] 1 All ER 525, [1983] 2 WLR 299.

125 25 Geo 2 c36.

126 Section 8.
127 www.sfc.org.uk/bill.htm. Keeping a Disorderly House was the charge used in the failed prosecution of Club Whiplash, a fetish club, in 1994. It was also one of the charges in the successful Operation Spanner prosecution of the consenting S&M practitioners arrested in 1989. www.barnsdle.demon.co.uk/span/sp-timel.html.

128 Licensing Act 1964, Section 176.

129 Section 138.

130 Sexual Offences Act 1956 s30 & 31.

131 See 18 September on www.melonfarmers.co.uk/news0998.htm, and 29 November on www.melonfarmers.co.uk/news1198.htm.

132 The Operation Spanner arrests.

133 The Club Whiplash case.

134 It was the 1751 Act that was threatened against the venue owners. www.black-rose.com/cuiru/archive/2-6/briefs2-6.html, www.urban75.com/Mag/sexual.html, www.sfc.org.uk/about.htm.

135 the prosecution and consequent closure of the Garden of Eden swinging club in Nevern, Pembrokeshire. See 18 September on www.melonfarmers.co.uk/news0998.htm, and 29 November on www.melonfarmers.co.uk/news1198.htm.

136 Paul Foster, ” Policy guidelines for the control of sex establishments” Croydon Borough Council Cabinet Consultative Paper 4/12/02. www.croydon.gov.uk/CSDept/Democratic/Agenda_Reports/CPanels/Env/4_Dec/CCP01202.R05.doc.

137 Ibid., Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1992.

138 MR conversation with sex establishment applicant.

139 Foster (2002).

140 www.unwelcomeguests.com.

141 http://uk.gay.com/printit/news/uk/1646.

142 Ross Clark “Kangaroo courting” The Spectator 30/11/02. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/3025377.stm.

143 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3014239.stm.

144 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/3025377.stm, http://uk.gay.com/printit/news/uk/1646.

145 “in some circumstances group sex acts between heterosexuals might involve the commission of an offence under section 33 of the 1956 Act of keeping or managing a brothel, as an element of reward is not necessarily required (Kelly v Purvis [1983] 1 All ER 525)”. House of Commons Research Paper 00/15 7/2/00 www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/rp2000/rp00-015.pdf.

146 Sexual Offences Act 1967 Section 1.

147 Lesley Dix, Home Office Sentencing & Offences Unit, 304, 50 St Anne’s Gate, London SW1H 9AT Ref SOU2002/02398.

148 Kelly v Purvis [1983] 1 All ER 525, [1983] 2 WLR 299.

149 Mahmood, Mazher “Who wants to bed a millionaire” News of the World 9/6/02.

150 No sex outside marriage.

151 http://feverparties.com/assets/Come_together.pdf.

152 22 June 2003. http://feverparties.com/assets/All_together_now.pdf www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2092-721020,00.html.

153 The 9 June story “Who wants to bed a millionaire?” and “Lessons in Lust” on 6 January. There was also on 13 October a cruel exposé of former Page 3 models working as call-girls..

154 www.relate.org.uk.

155 “Relate counselling is open to all. Whether you are married, living together, in a same-sex relationship, separated, divorced or single, our confidential service can help you to deal with your relationship difficulties.” www.relate.org.uk/rel_couns.html.

156 claiming a 93% significant improvement rate www.relate.org.uk/pst_home.html.

157 Relate Report & Accounts for the year ending 31 March 2002.

158 15 November 2001.

159 www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/12/31/nski31.xml.

160 www.juliacole.org.

161 Ibid.

162 www.pennellwomenshealth.org/index.htm.

163 www.femail.co.uk/pages/standard/index.html?in_page_id=177.

164 www.bbc.co.uk/health/profiles/julia_cole.shtml.

165 www.emotionalbliss.com.

166 www.chicklit.co.uk/lifestyle.asp?tested=y, www.zest.co.uk/cover_line1.html.

167 www.relate.org.uk/embliss.html.

168 “The swinger takes it all” Cosmopolitan December 2001 (quoted at http://feverparties.com/media.htm) describes her as “Relate Counsellor”.

169 www.mumsnet.com/experts/relationships.html.

170 www.sextherapyonline.org/frameset.htm.

171 Le Feuve (2002).

172 As part of “The swinger takes it all” Cosmopolitan December 2001 (quoted at http://feverparties.com/media.htm).

173 Butler (1979) quoted at http://feverparties.com/First_timers_pages.htm on the Serious Comment page.

174 www.zest.co.uk/cover_line1.html.

175 Butler (1979).

176 www.observer.co.uk/Print/0,3858,4601609,00.html.

177 Butler (1979). Relationship failure appears to be around seventeen and a half times more common among first marriages than among swingers. See 4.3 (ix) below.

178 Dixon (1984) www.sexuality.org/swinging.html.

179 Bailey, Michael J., June 2003 “A Sex Difference in the Specificity of Sexual Arousal” Psychological Science (forthcoming at time of writing). For press release see www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-06/nu-ssd061203.php, for full paper see www.psych.nwu.edu/psych/people/faculty/bailey/Publications/Chivers et al (final).pdf

180 Marino (1999) www.sfweekly.com/extra/beyond/swingers1.html.

181 Plumley, Peter 1994 “An Actuarial Analysis of the AIDS Epidemic in the US” www.virusmyth.net/aids/data/pptalk.htm Plumley is also author of ‘Modeling the AIDS Epidemic by Analysis of Sexual and Intravenous Drug Behavior’ and ‘An Analysis of the AIDS Epidemic as it Affects Heterosexuals,’ both published in the Transactions of the Society of Actuaries.

182 Ibid.

183 Ibid.

184 Marino (1999) www.sfweekly.com/extra/beyond/swingers1.html.

185 Ibid.

186 Plumley (1994) www.virusmyth.net/aids/data/pptalk.htm.

187 Ibid.

188 Ibid.

189 Ibid.

190 For example http://drziggy.com/Swinging and STD’s.htm www.sexuality.org/concise.html.

191 10 people are killed and 102 people seriously injured on the roads every day in the UK (www.dft.gov.uk/pns/DisplayPN.cgi?pn_id=2002_0236).

192 Butler (1979)(http://feverparties.com/First_timers_pages.htm / Serious Comment).

193 Paula Hall did it on Woman’s Hour, see 4.6 (xxi) below.

194 Covey (1989) p241.

195 “Come together” Arena July 2003 p77 http://feverparties.com/assets/Come_together.pdf.

196 Ibid.

197 www.papillondesalpes.com.

198 Sarah Womack, “Slippery slope as ski firm offers wife-swapping trips”, The Daily Telegraph 31/12/02 www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/12/31/nski31.xml.

199 Ibid.

200 Butler (1979) http://feverparties.com/First_timers_pages.htm.

201 Bergstrand & Williams (2000) para 29 & Table 17 www.ejhs.org/volume3/swing/body.htm.

202 www.scottishmediamonitor.com/articles2.cfm?ID=108.

203 www.bigglesguy.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/itchy.html.

204 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1502007.stm.

205 We both serve on the organising team of Fever www.feverparties.com.

206 www.emotionalbliss.com/country_1024.asp.

207 www.emotionalbliss.com/board/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=45&FORUM_ID=8& CAT_ID=1&Topic_Title=Swinging&Forum_Title=Questions+For+Julia

208 Fever involves approximately 150 couples with an average age under 30.

209 www.emotionalbliss.com/board/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=45&FORUM_ID=8& CAT_ID=1&Topic_Title=Swinging&Forum_Title=Questions+For+Julia.

210 Ibid.

211 Ibid.

212 Relate Client Survey January-March 2002 www.relate.org.uk/sextherapy.html.

213 Defeld (1974).

214 www.toucanclub.com.

215 Quoted in Dovkants & Arkell (2002) http://feverparties.com/Standard.htm.

216 www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/03_02_03/thursday/info1.shtml.

217 Perhaps 17.5 times higher. See 4.3 above.

218 Ibid.

219 See 1.3 above.

220 “[Women] are so concerned about society’s dim view of female promiscuity that they routinely claim to have slept with fewer partners than in reality… ‘Women are so sensitive about being labelled ‘sluts’ or ‘whores’ that they are very reluctant to be honest about their sexual behaviour, even in supposedly anonymous surveys’ said Terri Fisher, who led the study at Ohio State University.” Mark Henderson “Women exposed as the biggest liars about sex” The Times 14 July 2003.

221 Whitby (2003 ).

222 www.womanalive.co.uk.

223 Le Feuve (2002).

224 Ibid. p10

225 Ibid.

226 Ibid.

227 Ibid.

228 Ibid. p9.

229 See Section 1.2 www.libchrist.com.

230 http://theologytoday.ptsem.edu/oct1971/v28-3-bookreview14.htm.

231 Clause 2(2).

232 Relate Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2002, Section 2.1 (p3).

233 Relate Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2002, Section 2.1 (p3).

234 Ibid.

235 Ibid. p11, Statement of Financial Activities for the Year ended 31 March 2002. £52,820 came from non-governmental sources (p16).

236 Ibid. Section 5.1 (p6), Review of the financial position of Relate.

237 Ibid. p16, Notes to the Accounts No 7.

238 Relate has other income from the sale of services, investments etc.giving it a total income from all sources of £4,696,342 in 2001-02.

239 Year Ending 2001: £2,052,585; 2000: £2,002,525; 1999: £1,953,680; 1998: £1898,620; 1997: £1,683,020; 1996: £1,634,000; 1995: £1,593,500. (Relate Report and Accounts for the relevant years).

240 enumerated in this section above.

241 www.londonfetishscene.com/newsdesk/ViewArticle.asp?ArticleID=582.

242 www.fist.co.uk.

243 Boles, Nicholas “It’s time to flush gay men out of the water closet” The Times 11 June 2002.

244 http://gaylondon.co.uk.

245 www.saunaclub.co.uk.

246 Chariots, Liverpool Street (London) www.chariots.co.uk/chariots1.htm.

247 Chariots, Waterloo www.chariots.co.uk/chariots_waterloo.htm.

248 www.thesaunabar.com.

249 www.cruisingforsex.com.

250 www.cruisingforsex.com/single_posting.php?p_id=53035.

251 Licensing Act 1964, Section 176.

252 Sexual Offences Act 1956 s30-31.

253 See 2.2 above.

254 See 18 September on www.melonfarmers.co.uk/news0998.htm, and 29 November on www.melonfarmers.co.uk/news1198.htm.

255 29 November Ibid.

256 Ibid.

257 www.bgafd.co.uk/girls/s/s0001.shtml, www.sabrina4u.com.

258 www.adultvideonews.com/archives/199812/inner/invw.html.

259 Ibid.

260 www.modelheaven.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1152, www.melonfarmers.co.uk/enmodel.htm.

261 Someone had intercepted their mail, which included a letter asking her to do “boy/girl” shots for a photographer. With malice or unbelievable naivety the police had taken this to mean children, so their house was raided.

262 Article 8.1 Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence. www.pfc.org.uk/legal/echrtext.htm.

263 Article14 “The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms set forth in this Convention shall be secured without discrimination on any ground such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status.” Ibid.

264 Article 8.2 “There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.”

265 See 2.2 above.

266 Chariots, Liverpool Street (London) www.chariots.co.uk/chariots1.htm.

267 www.chariots.co.uk/chariots_waterloo.htm

268 www.chariots.co.uk/chariots_limehouse.htm.

269 www.lachambre.org.

6.2 References
Arena magazine, London, July 2003 “Come together” http://feverparties.com/assets/Come_together.pdf.
Bailey, Michael J., June 2003 “A Sex Difference in the Specificity of Sexual Arousal” Psychological Science (forthcoming at time of writing). For press release see www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-06/nu-ssd061203.php, for full paper see www.psych.nwu.edu/psych/people/faculty/bailey/Publications/Chivers et al (final).pdf.
Bergstrand, Dr Curtis & Williams, Ms Jennifer Blevins. “Today’s Alternative Marriage Styles: The Case of Swingers” Electronic Journal of Human Sexuality, Volume 3, 10/10/2000. Online. www.ejhs.org/volume3/swing/body.htm.
Boles, Nicholas “It’s time to flush gay men out of the water closet” The Times 11 June 2002.
Butler, Edgar W., Traditional Marriages and Emerging Alternatives, Harper & Row, 1979 pp465.
Carlish, Natasha. (4 January 2001) The Orgy; Channel 5, www.dreamfinder.net/About us.htm.
Chocano, Carina “Swap Meat” Salon People, online, 21/4/00 p2 (http://cobrand.salon.com/people/feature/2000/04/21/lifestyle/index.html).
Chrisafis, Angelique “What’s love got to do with it?” The Guardian G2 29 August 2003.
Clark, Ross “Kangaroo courting” The Spectator 30/11/02 www.feverparties.com/assets/Liddle.pdf.
Cosmopolitan December 2001 “The swinger takes it all”.
Covey, Stephen R, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People Simon & Schuster UK Ltd 1989.
Defeld, D. (1974). “Dropouts from swinging” The Family Coordinator 23 p45-49 January 1974 cited in Jenks “Swinging: A review of the Literature” Archives of Sexual Behavior Vol 27 No 5 1998.
Dixon, Joan K. (1984). ”The commencement of bisexual activity in swinging married women over age thirty.” The Journal of Sex Research, 1984, 20(1): pp71-90.
Dovkants, Keith & Arkell, Harriet “City wine bar sex parties exposed” Evening Standard 10 May 2002 http://feverparties.com/Standard.htm.
Finnigan, Kate “Welcome to the pleasure dome” Elle magazine May 2003 quoted in full at http://feverparties.com/media.htm.
Foster, Paul, ” Policy guidelines for the control of sex establishments” Croydon Borough Council Cabinet Consultative Paper 4/12/02 www.croydon.gov.uk/CSDept/Democratic/Agenda_Reports/CPanels/Env/4_Dec/CCP041202.R05.doc.
Friendship Express (1996) “What is Swinging?” {Online} Available: http://tfexp.com/swinging.htm [June 1997].
Gould, Terry. (2000) The Lifestyle: A Look at the Erotic Rites Of Swingers. Firefly Books.
Haran, Maeve “Sex in the Shires” The Times T2 p12 13/5/03.
Henderson, Mark “Women exposed as the biggest liars about sex” The Times 14 July 2003.
Henry, Scott “This ain’t your father’s swing club” Creativeloafing.com, online, 13/6/01 http://atlanta.creativeloafing.com/2001-06-13/cover.html.
Henshel A.M., (1973) “Swinging: A study of decision making in marriage” American Journal of Sociology Vol 4 pp885-891.
House Of Commons Research Paper 00/15 7/2/00 www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/rp2000/rp00-015.pdf.
Jade “Oh that jungle gym of love” Lippyimp.com, online, undated www.lippyimp.com/junglegym.htm.
Lambert, Olly. (3 January 2003) Hypersex; BBC2, www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2002/08_august/21/2autumn_factual.pdf, http://ontv.nzoom.com/ontv_detail/0,1584,189421-80-85,00.html.
Le Feuve, Cathy. (September 2002) “Interview with Paula Hall” Woman Alive.
Mahmood, Mazher “Who wants to bed a millionaire” News of the World 9 June 2002.
Marino, Jacqueline (16-22 January 1999) “The Secret Life of Swingers” Sfweekly.com, online, 16-22/6/99 www.sfweekly.com/extra/beyond/swingers1.html.
Miller, Paul. (1994) “Variations in Swinging” [Online] Available: http://222.tfexp.com/articles/miller1.htm [June, 1997].
Millet, Catherine. (2002) The Sexual Life of Catherine M.; Serpent’s Tail; London. www.serpentstail.com.
Plumley, Peter 1994 “An Actuarial Analysis of the AIDS Epidemic in the US” www.virusmyth.net/aids/data/pptalk.htm Plumley is also author of ‘Modeling the AIDS Epidemic by Analysis of Sexual and Intravenous Drug Behavior’ and ‘An Analysis of the AIDS Epidemic as it Affects Heterosexuals,’ both published in the Transactions of the Society of Actuaries.
Relate Annual Report and Accounts for the years ending 1995-2002.
Relate Client Survey January-March 2002 www.relate.org.uk/sextherapy.html.
Sez, Shirley “What is the swinging lifestyle?” Loveplay.com, online, undated www.loveplay.com/frmopnmar.htm.
Schisgall, David The Lifestyle: Group Sex in the Suburbs (www.7thart.com/current/lifestyle/thelife.html).
Terrien, Anne (20 April 2002) “Dis/located identities: Swinging and Contemporary Sexual Space” paper presented 20 April 2002 to the Composition and Cultural Studies Conference, English Department of George Washington University. Online, www.gwu.edu/~english/ccsc/2002 Pages/Terrien.htm.
Thio, A. (1988). Deviant Behavior, 3rd Ed., Harper-Collins, New York.
Varni, C. A. (1974). “An exploratory study of spouse swapping” In Smith, J. R., and Smith, L.G. (eds.), Beyond Monogamy: Recent Studies on Sexual Alternatives in Marriage, Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore.
Whitby, Pamela “Strangers on a train” Eve September 2003.
Womack, Sarah “Slippery slope as ski firm offers wife-swapping trips”, The Daily Telegraph 31/12/02.
6.3 Bibliography
Allen, Gina and Clement G. Martin, “Swapping And Swinging,” chapter in Intimacy, Cowles Book Company, 1971.
Avery, Paul and Emily Avery, “Some Notes on ‘Wife Swapping’,” in Sex in America, edited by Henry Anatole Grunwald, Transworld, 1965. (Originally published as a series of articles in the San Francisco Chronicle.)
Bartell, Gilbert D., “Group Sex among the Mid-Americans,” Journal of Sex Research, Vol. 6 No. 2.
Bartell, Gilbert D., Group Sex: a Scientist’s Eyewitness Report on The American Way of Swinging, Wyden Inc., 1971.
Beigel, Hugo, G., “In Defense of Mate Swapping,” Rational Living, Vol 4, No. 1.
Bell, Robert R., “‘Swinging’ The Sexual Exchange of Marriage Partners,” Sexual Behavior, May 1971.
Brecher, Edward M., The Sex Researchers, Little, Brown and Company, 1969.
Cole, Charles L. and Graham B. Spanier, “Co-marital Mate-sharing and Family Stability,” Journal of Sex Research, February 1974, This is a revision of a paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Council on Family Relations, November 4, 1972.
Cole, Charles L. and Graham B. Spanier, “Induction Into Mate-swapping: a Review,” Family Process, September 1973.
Cole, Charles L. and Graham B. Spanier, “Mate Swapping: Perceptions, Value Orientations, and Participation in a Midwestern Community,” Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 4, No. 2. This is a revision of a paper titled “Mate Swapping: Participation, Knowledge and Values in a Midwestern Community” presented at the 1972 meeting of the Midwest Sociological Society.
Colton, Helen, “Group Sex,” in Sex After the Sexual Revolution, Association Press, 1972.
Comfort, Alex, “Sexuality in a Zero Growth Society,” Center Report, 1972.
Constantine, Larry L. and Joan M. Constantine, Group Marriage, The Macmillan Company, 1973.
Denfeld, Duane, “How Swingers Make Contact,” Sexual Behavior, April, 1972.
Denfeld, Duane and Michael Gordon, “The Sociology of Mate Swapping: or The Family That Swings Together Clings Together,” Journal of Sex Research, May 1970.
Gilmartin, Brian G., “That Swinging Couple down the Block,” Psychology Today, February 1975, p. 54.
Grold, James L., “Swinging: Sexual Freedom or Neurotic Escapism?”, American Journal of Psychiatry, October 1970.
Jenks, Richard J., “Swinging: A Replication and Test of a Theory,” The Journal of Sex Research, 1985, 21:2, p 199.
Jenks, Richard J., “Swinging: A Review of the Literature,” Archives of Sexual Behavior, 1998, 27:5, p 507.
Johnson, Ralph E., “Extramarital Intercourse: a Methodological Note,” Journal of Marriage and the Family, May 1970.
Neiger, Stehpen, “Mate Swapping: Can it Save a Marriage?,” Sexology, January 1971.
Neubeck, Gerhard, Extramarital Relations, Prentice-Hall, 1969.
O’Neill, George C. and Nena O’Neill, “Patterns in Group Sexual Activity,” Journal of Sex Research, Vol. 6, No. 2, May 1970.
Palson, Charles and Rebecca Palson, “Swinging in Wedlock,” Society, February 1972.
Ramey, James W., “Emerging Patterns of Innovative Behavior in Marriage,” The Family Coordinator, October 1972.
Rosengard, I. Stuart, “Mate Swapping: Why Is it So Popular?”, Sexology, June 1971.
Schupp, Cherie Evelyn, An Analysis of Some Social-psychological Factors Which Operate in the Functioning Relationship of Married Couples Who Exchange Mates for the Purpose of Sexual Experience, 1970, Dissertation published on demand by University Microfilms.
Smith, James R. and Lynn G. Smith, eds. Beyond Monogamy, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1974.
Smith, James R. and Lynn G. Smith, “Co-marital Sex And The Sexual Freedom Movement,” Journal of Sex Research, May 1970.
Smith, James R. and Lynn G. Smith “Co-marital Sex: The Incorporation of Extramarital Sex Into the Marriage Relationship,” Critical Issues in Contemporary Sexual Behavior, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973.
Smith, James R. and Lynn G. Smith “Intimacy, Ecstasy, and Eufunction: Some Neglected Dimensions of Sexual Counseling,” paper presented to the American Orthopsychiatric Association, Spring 1974.
Symonds, Carolyn, A Pilot Study of the Peripheral Behavior of Sexual Mate Swappers, Master’s thesis, University of California, Riverside, June 1968.
Symonds, Carolyn, “Sexual Mate Swapping: Violation of Norms And Reconciliation of Guilt,” in Studies In the Sociology of Sex, edited by James M. Henslin, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1971.
Varni, Charles A., “An Exploratory Study of Wife Swapping,” Pacific Sociological Review, Vol. 15 No. 4.
Walshok, Mary L., “The Emergence of a Middle-class Deviant Subculture: The Case of Swingers,” Social Problems, Spring 1971.

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